How business affects music in society
Music industry- Music industry consists of companies and other individual artists that make money by creating/composing music and selling it. Music publishers,producers,musicians,engineers,record labels are the few amount that operate and organise within the music industry. History- Printing music was first developed in the in the 15th century where mechanical usage was more developed.Before printing was developed musicians, publishers had to write sheets of music by hand and that took a lot of time and effort. The first person to explore this new usage was Ottavino Petrucci a publisher born in the 1466 he was able to print lines of music.He also published numerous of works by other highly musicians including Josquin des Prez and Antonie Brumel. The printer used various methods in which was pressed three time, the first was the staff lines, second was the lyrics and, third was the notes. It was very expensive to print at that time but it would always produce great results. In the United States, 19th century the most famous groups that dominated the music industry were called the Tin Pan alley (the name refers to a specific place in Manhattan) when rock&roll was introduced in the early ages a lot of sheet-music publishers decreased their dominance. Advent of record music- In the 20th century music commercial change immensely.In the sheet music era people had to buy the actual sheets (don't forget they were expensive) and play the song at home.In the 1920s opera houses, concert halls and live music events continue to produce their music but radio broadcasting allowed bands and individual artists to become highly popular throughout the nation.The record labels eventually replaced the sheet-music publishers and became the biggest industry throughout the world. Digital distribution- Technology expand throughout the 20th century making it possible to digitally download music and stream it.The function became much more famous than physical recordings such as CD and tapes.It also gave audience complete access to its wide variety of music.Costumers spent less money on music.worldwide physical recording such as CD's, Cassettes and vinyl decreased dramatically in the industry and most of the companies went out of business.Legal downloading was widely available at the iTunes store in 2003 , in 2010 companies such as Spotify, Deeper, etc began using a payment service at it gave a serious impact in the music industry.Recording artists now have to rely on live performances and merchandise sales to receive royalties because of illegal pirate downloading. Record companies can offer a distribution deal for the artists but does not cover the expense of marketing and promotion. There are some companies such as Kick starter that helps independent musicians produce their product.Record hardware and expensive softwares such as; logic, cubase, etc made it possible produce quality music on the artist laptop and distribute throughout the internet without needing labels. |
Business Structure- Business structure is important for music makers.It gives you a system of different organisations that musicians use to make their music much more successful/popular. Compositions- compositions are created by composers and songwriters they are owned by the creator and even if the musician gives it to another artist to perform it they would still earn royalties.The owner of that product needs to have a publishing contract and a copyright licence to earn royalties.A portion of the royalties are paid by the publishing company to the licence owner.Sheet music can also give earnings for the artist and the company.A publishing company will also promote the compositions on radios, films or tv. Media- Cds or any other physical products are sold by music retailers and owned by the artists.The record company pays mechanical royalties (its copyright audio compositions that are sold as a physical product) to the artist.If its a digital download then theres no media to be paid. Recordings- artists record their songs with the assistance of producers and audio engineers.They are normally recorded in the recording studios with the appropriate music software.Some individuals artists have the opportunity to record their songs at home with the appropriate equipment.The producer always receives a part of the products payment, usually its 10% but it can increase.Recordings are usually owned by the record companies because of the specific business that the contract gives and the agreement that the artist makes.The company pays for the recording costs, the promoting costs and the marketing costs. Live music- a promoter arranges the venue and the contacts for the performance.Usually the audience would have to buy a ticket to see the show on the websites ticket master or other distribution services.Some performances can be are free entry.Record companies may provide assistance such as finance the tour if it helps to promote the songs and the artist.If the artists are headed for a live performance they might have a tour crew that would contain stage managers,hair dressers, make up artists and many others. Artists managers- Artists or managers may hire staff to assist them with the artists needs.The artist manager oversees all aspects of an artists career.A entertainment lawyer assists the artist with contracts with companies and others.A business manager handles financial, taxes and other things to do with royalties.There are unions that provide health insurance for the artists.If a successful artists promote its brand it may drive income from physical copies or internet downloads. The artists manager and record companies are the ones who specialise with this product. Business models- The way artist sells their products are through different business models such as physical copies and internet stores.Artists can have their publishing companies and may promote and market their products.Artists may choose to use a free services such as Youtube or Sound cloud. |